• The major complications of acute renal failure arise because of deficient excretory or endocrine function of the kidney
• Phosphate accumulation contributes to renal bone disease
• Vitamin D deficiency contributes to renal bone disease
• Erythropoietin deficiency causes anemia
• Renal bone disease is best prevented by control of plasma phosphate and administration of vitamin D
• Plasma phosphate is controlled by reducing dietary phosphate intake and taking oral phosphate binding substances which inhibit gut absorption of phosphate

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C. A. O'Callaghan 2004