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Chapter 35. Hypertension: complications and therapy
Previous Chapter Next Chapter Self-Assessment for this chapter
Keypoints
- In the kidney, hypertension initially causes proteinuria then glomerulosclerosis
- In the heart it causes atherosclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy
- If grade 3 or 4 retinopathy is present (haemorrhages, exudates or papilledema), the hypertension is potentially dangerous and requires close supervision and control
- In black patients, calcium channel blockers, alpha 1 adrenergic blockers and diuretics are useful
- In diabetics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors may be beneficial and effective. Beta blockers may blunt the awareness of hypoglycemia and worsen symptoms of peripheral vascular disease
- Alpha 1 antagonists may improve urine flow rates in men with prostatic hypertorphy.
Self-Assessment Questions for this Chapter